Inhibiting phase separation in low viscosity water-based pesticide suspensions

ABSTRACT

The present invention provides a composition for inhibiting phase separation and the resulting non-uniform distribution of an active ingredient in low viscosity, water-based pesticide suspensions. In accordance with this invention, the composition comprises from about 0.003% to about 50% by weight of a pesticide, from about 0.5% to about 10% by weight of a wetting agent; from about 0.0% to about 0.8% by weight of a thickener; from about 0.1% to about 0.5% of an antimicrobial agent; from about 5% to about 20% of an anti-freeze; from about 1% to about 8% of a hydrophobic fumed silica; and from about 40% to about 95% of water. In an embodiment of the invention, the hydrophobic fumed silica results from a hydrophilic silica which is treated with dimethyldichlorosilane.

This application is a divisional application of U.S. application Ser.No. 09/759,797, filed Jan. 12, 2001 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,379,687, whichin turn is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No.09/506,655, filed Feb. 17, 2000 (now abandoned), which is acontinuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/228,904, filed onJan. 11, 1999 (now U.S. Pat. No. 6,074,987), which is acontinuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/086,075, filed May28, 1998 (now abandoned).

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a composition for inhibiting phaseseparation and the resulting non-uniform distribution of an activeingredient in low viscosity, water-based pesticide suspensions. Moreparticularly, the composition of the present invention comprises ahydrophobic fumed silica to inhibit phase separation and the resultingnon-uniform distribution of an active ingredient in the low-viscosity,water-based pesticide suspension. The preferred hydrophobic fumed silicaresults from a hydrophilic silica which is treated withdimethyidichlorosilane.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A pesticide suspension is a homogeneous mixture of small solid particlesof pesticide suspended in a liquid medium. During periods ofnon-agitation, the solid particles with a density greater than thedensity of the liquid medium will settle toward the bottom of thecontainer and homogeneity is not maintained. Similarly, solid particleswith a density less than the density of the liquid medium will settletoward the top of the container and homogeneity is not maintained. Theloss of homogeneity can cause product failure if it results innon-uniform applications of the pesticide, and plugging of strainers andnozzles used with application equipment. In practice, the usual ways toinhibit settling of the particles include (i) making the density of theliquid medium as close as possible to that of the solid pesticide,and/or (ii) building high viscosity into the suspension. Changing thedensity of the liquid medium is usually not feasible, and building highviscosity into the suspension causes problems in the production,handling and performance of the pesticide.

Therefore, the practice of combining or formulating the pesticidecompounds with inert ingredients to facilitate their dispersibility inwater, has developed. Such water dispersible formulations have generallybeen prepared by combining the pesticide with (i) an emulsifier orwetting agent, (ii) a dispersant, and (iii) an inert carrier or fillermaterial. The inert carrier or filler material has been found necessaryin order to obtain a suitable admixture of the emulsifier, dispersantand pesticide, and to facilitate the size reduction of these ingredientsto an appropriate particle size. The inert carrier or filler materialmay be either a solid or a liquid. The former type of formulationsinclude wettable powders such as those discussed in U.S. Pat. No.3,737,551. Other types of solid formulations such as the waterdispersible granules of U.S. Pat. No. 3,920,442, have been proposed. Thelatter type of formulations include flowables in which the majordispersing medium is water, such as those disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.3,060,084.

The disadvantages of these formulations known in the art includedifficulty in handling when preparing the suspensions, a tendency tocake during storage, and extreme sensitivity to high temperature. Thus,there has long been a need in the art for a flowable aqueous pesticidecomposition which is easily handled during preparation and use, whichhas excellent shelf-life even during extended storage and which iscompletely dispersible in water.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to provide a composition forinhibiting phase separation and the resulting non-uniform distributionof an active ingredient in low viscosity, water-based pesticidesuspensions. The composition contains from about 0.003% to about 50% byweight of a pesticide; from about 0.5% to about 10% by weight of awetting agent; from about 0.0% to about 0.8% by weight of a thickener;from about 0.1% to about 0.5% of an antimicrobial agent; from about 5%to about 20% of an anti-freeze; from about 1% to about 8% of ahydrophobic fumed silica; and from about 40% to about 95% of water.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a compositionfor inhibiting phase separation and the resulting non-uniformdistribution of an active ingredient in low viscosity, water-basedpesticide suspensions without changing the density of the liquid mediumand/or building high viscosity into the suspension.

These and other objects that will be apparent to those skilled in theart are accomplished by adding hydrophobic fumed silica to thelow-viscosity, water-based pesticide suspension. The preferredhydrophobic fumed silica results from a hydrophilic silica which istreated with dimethyidichlorosilane.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

The composition of the present in ion.comprises a combination of a lowviscosity water-based pesticide formulation .and hydrophobic fumedsilica. In an embodiment of the present invention, “low viscosity” isdefined as a viscosity of less than about 900 cps. The pesticideformulation includes a pesticides a wetting agent; a thickener; anantimicrobial agent; an antifreeze agent; and water.

In an embodiment of the present Invention, the pesticide demonstratesthe following properties; a friable solid pesticide which is capable ofbeing fractured or shattered into small particles, which has a meltingpoint of less than about 60° C., and a water solubility of no more thanabout 1000 ppm at a temperature of about 40° C. Further, the pesticideis resistant to Ostwald ripening and its resulting crystal growth.Moreover, the pesticide is not easily hydrolyzed or degraded by anaqueous environment.

The pesticide of the present invention is selected from the groupconsisting of an insecticide, a fungicide, and a herbicide.Substantially any insecticide, fungicide or herbicide known in the artmay be used. Preferred insecticides include the heterocyclic compoundsdescribed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,022,871; 5,852,012; 5,719,146; 5,034,404;4,849,432; 4,742,060; and RE 35,811, the disclosures of which are hereinincorporated by reference. In a particularly preferred embodiment of theinvention, the insecticide is a chloronicotinyl or a chlorothiazole.Moreover, insecticides of the following general formulas (I), (II),(III) and (IV) are most preferred.

A preferred fungicide is tebuconazole, and a preferred herbicide ismetribuzin.

Wetting agents serve to reduce the surface tension at the water-solidinterface and therefore, increase the tendency of the water to contactthe complete surface of the active ingredient particles. Both anionicand nonionic surfactants are useful. Examples of anionic surfactantsinclude alkyl polyether alcohol sulfates, arylalkyl polyether alcoholsulfates, arylalkyl sulfonates, alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, and alkylphenoxybenzene disulfonates. Nonionic surfactants include arylalkylpolyether alcohols, aklyl polyether alcohols, polyoxyethylene fatty acidesters, polyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyalkylene oxideblock copolymers, polyalkylene oxide block copolymer monohydric alcoholsand polyalkylene oxide block copolymer alkyl phenols. Preferred wettingagents include sodium naphthalene formaldehyde condensate andethoxylated polyoxypropylene.

A thickener is generally a water soluble or water dispersible anioniccolloid possessing shear thinning properties, low sensitivity totemperature, good stability in both acidic and basic media, andcompatibility with most inorganic materials. Examples of thickeningagents include polysaccharide gums such as xanthan gum, guar gum, gumarabic; organically modified montmorillonite clays, attapulgite clays,carboxy-vinyl copolymers, and cellulose ethers. Preferred thickenersinclude xanthan gum and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.

An antimicrobial agent is generally used to prevent the growth ofbacteria, fungi, or other microbial organisms that can flourish in anaqueous environment. Examples of antimicrobial agents include1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, methyl or propyl parahydroxybenzoate,2-bromo-2-nitro-propane-1,2-diol, sodium benzoate, glutaraldehyde,O-phenylphenol, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one,pentachlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol, and benzisothiazolinones.Preferred antimicrobial agents include 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one,2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one plus,5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one.

An anti-freeze agent (freeze point depressant) includes relatively lowmolecular weight aliphatic alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propyleneglycol, glycerine, hexane diol, and sorbitol. Preferred anti-freezeagents include dipropylene glycol, glycerine, hexylene glycol, andpropylene glycol.

Hydrophobic fumed silicas are made by treating the surface ofhydrophilic fumed silicas with a substance that chemically bonds and,thereby, changes the surface from one that is easily wetted by water toone that adsorbs hardly any water (even at high levels of atmosphericmoisture). The preferred hydrophobic fumed silica of the presentinvention comprises a hydrophilic fumed amorphous silica treated withdimethyidichlorosilane.

The composition of the pesticide suspension of the present invention isgenerally as follows.

Weight % Pesticide 0.003-50   Wetting Agent 0.5-10  Thickener 0.0-0.8Antimicrobial Agent 0.1-0.5 Anti-Freeze  5-20 Hydrophobic Fumed Silica1-8 Water 40-95

The composition of the present invention contains from about 0.003% toabout 50% by weight of a pesticide; from about 0.5% to about 10% byweight of a wetting agent; from about 0.0% to about 0.8% by weight of athickener; from about 0.1% to about 0.5% of an antimicrobial agent; fromabout 5% to about 20% of an anti-freeze; from about 1% to about 8% of ahydrophobic fumed silica; and from about 40% to about 95% of water.

Having thus described our invention, the following examples are given asbeing illustrative thereof. All weights and percentages given are partsby weight or percentages by weight, unless otherwise indicated.

EXAMPLES Example 1

A study was conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of 0.5% to 7.0%hydrophobic amorphous fumed silica in reducing the settling rate of awater-based suspension concentrate (SC) containing 0.5 poundimidacloprid insecticide per gallon.

[A.] SC Concentrate with 0% Hydrophobic Fumed Silica

Blended together and homogenized by means of a Ross high-shear mixerwere 152 grams of sodium naphthalene formaldehyde condensate (wettingagent), 152 grams of ethoxylated polyoxypropylene (wetting agent), 38grams of a 19% solution of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one in aqueousdipropylene glycol (antimicrobial agent), 14 grams of xanthan gum(thickener), 759 grams of glycerine (anti-freeze) and 4856 grams ofdeionized water. A suspension containing 0.5 pound imidaclopridinsecticide per gallon was prepared by blending 5962 grams of thismixture with 2139 grams ADMIRE 2, a water-based suspension concentratecontaining 2 pounds imidacloprid insecticide per gallon manufactured byBayer Corporation, and mixed to uniformity with a low-shear paddlemixer. The final make-up of the suspension was then 5.6% imidaclopridinsecticide, 2.4% sodium naphthalene formaldehyde condensate, 2.4%ethoxylated polyoxypropylene, 0.5% 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one solution,0.2% xanthan gum, 12.0% glycerine, and 76.9% water.

[B.] SC Concentrate with 0.5% Hydrophobic Fumed Silica

The composition as described in [A.] was used with the following notedexceptions, (i) 4815 grams of deionized water were used in thecomposition, (ii) 40 grams of hydrophobic fumed silica resulting fromdimethyldichlorosilane treated hydrophilic fumed silica were added tothe composition and homogeneously dispersed with the Ross high-shearmixer, and (iii) the final make-up of the suspension contained 76.4%water, and 0.5% hydrophobic silica.

[C.] SC Concentrate with 1.0% Hydrophobic Fumed Silica

The composition as described in [B.] was used with the following notedexceptions, (i) 4775 grams of deionized water were used, (ii) 81 gramsof hydrophobic fumed silica resulting from dimethyldichlorosilanetreated hydrophilic fumed silica were added, and (iii) the final make-upof the suspension contained 75.9% water, and 1.0% hydrophobic silica.

[D.] SC Concentrate with 4.0% Hydrophobic Fumed Silica

The composition as described in [C.] was used with the following notedexceptions, (i) 4532 grams of deionized water were used, (ii) 324 gramsof hydrophobic fumed silica resulting from dimethyldichlorosilanetreated hydrophilic fumed silica were added, and (iii) the final make-upof the suspension contained 72.9% water, and 4.0% hydrophobic silica.

[E.] SC Concentrate with 6.0% Hydrophobic Fumed Silica

The composition as described in [D.] was used with the following notedexceptions, (i) 4369 grams of deionized water were used, (ii) 486 gramsof hydrophobic fumed silica resulting from dimethyidichlorosilanetreated hydrophilic fumed silica were added, and (iii) the final make-upof the suspension contained 70.9% water, and 6.0% hydrophobic silica.

[F.] SC Concentrate with 7.0% Hydrophobic Fumed Silica

The composition as described in [E.] was used with the following notedexceptions, (i) 4289 grams of deionized water were used, (ii) 567 gramsof hydrophobic fumed silica resulting from dimethyidichlorosilanetreated hydrophilic fumed silica were added, and (iii) the final make-upof the suspension contained 69.9% water, and 7.0% hydrophobic silica.

Each of these six suspensions was then stored at 50° C. for 56 days in a1-quart clear glass jar with a lid. Storage at 50° C. increases the rateof chemical decomposition and physical degradation as opposed to storageat room temperature or below. After 3 days of storage, the settling ofsolid insecticide particles in the suspension with 0% hydrophobic silicaresulted in the top 40% of the suspension being a clear liquid(syneresis); storage for 21 days resulted in settling that left the top70% of the suspension a clear liquid. The addition of 0.5% to 7.0%hydrophobic amorphous fumed silica significantly reduced the settlingrates. The results are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 WATER-BASED SUSPENSION CONTAINING 0.5 POUND IMIDACLOPRIDINSECTICIDE PER GALLON AND 0.5% TO 7.0% HYDROPHOBIC FUMED SILICAHydrophobic Syneresis, % Amorphous Viscosity* 3 days 21 days 28 days 56days Silica, % cps 20° C. 50° C. 50° C. 50° C. 50° C. 0 200 40 70 — —0.5 200  5 20 — — 1.0 200  5 10 34 59 4.0 250  6  6  6 12 6.0 260 <1  2— — 7.0 350 <1  1 — — *spdl #3 @ 60 rpm.

Example 2

A study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of 0.5% hydrophobicamorphous silica with that of 0.5% hydrophilic silica in reducing thesettling rate of suspensions containing 0.5 pound per gallon of (i)imidacloprid insecticide, (ii) metribuzin herbicide, or (iii)tebuconazole fungicide.

[A.] Imidacloprid Suspension with 0.5% Hydrophobic Fumed Silica

Blended together and homogenized by means of a Ross high-shear mixer,were 56 grams of Morwet D425 (sodium naphthalene formaldehydecondensate; wetting agent), 56 grams Witconol 324 (ethoxylatedpolyoxypropylene; wetting agent), 14 grams Proxel GXL (a 19% solution of1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one in aqueous dipropylene glycol; antimicrobialagent), 5 grams Rhodopol 50 MD (xanthan gum; thickener), 280 gramsglycerine (anti-freeze), and 1789 grams deionized water. Then 15 gramsof Aerosil R-972 (hydrophobic fumed silica resulting fromdimethyidichlorosilane treated hydrophilic fumed silica) was added andhomogeneously dispersed with the Ross high-shear mixer. A suspensioncontaining 0.5 pound imidacloprid per gallon was prepared by blending294 grams of this mixture with 106 grams ADMIRE 2, and mixed touniformity with a low-shear paddle mixer. The final concentration ofimidacloprid in the suspension was 5.6%; the concentration ofhydrophobic silica was 0.5%.

[B.] Imidacloprid Suspension with 0.5% Hydrophilic Fumed Silica

The composition as described in [A.] was used with the followingexception, 15 grams of Aerosil 200 (hydrophilic fumed silica) were addedto the [B.] mixture instead of the Aerosil R-972 (hydrophobic fumedsilica) which was added to the [A.] mixture.

[C.] Metribuzin Suspension with 0.5% Hydrophobic Fumed Silica

The composition as described in [A.] was used with the followingexception, a metribuzin suspension, instead of an imidaclopridsuspension was used. In [C.], a suspension containing 0.5 poundmetribuzin per gallon was prepared by blending 368 grams of this mixturewith 32 grams SENCOR 70 WP, a wettable powder containing 70% metribuzinherbicide manufactured by Bayer Corporation, and mixed to uniformitywith a low-shear paddle mixer. The final concentration of metribuzin inthe suspension was 5.6%; the concentration of hydrophobic silica was0.5%.

[D.] Metribuzin Suspension with 0.5% Hydrophilic Fumed Silica

The composition as described in [C.] was used with the followingexception, 15 grams of Aerosil 200 (hydrophilic fumed silica) were addedto the [D.] mixture instead of the Aerosil R-972 (hydrophobic fumedsilica) which was added to the [C.] mixture.

[E.] Tebuconazole Suspension with 0.5% Hydrophobic Fumed Silica

The composition as described in [A.] was used with the followingexception, a tebuconazole suspension, instead of an imidaclopridsuspension was used. In [E.], a suspension containing 0.5 poundtebuconazole per gallon was prepared by blending 342 grams of thismixture with 58 grams FOLICUR 3.6, a water-based suspension concentratecontaining 3.6 pounds tebuconazole fungicide per gallon manufactured byBayer Corporation, and mixed to uniformity with a low-shear paddlemixer. The final concentration of tebuconazole in the suspension was5.6%; the concentration of hydrophobic silica was 0.5%.

[F.] Tebuconazole Suspension with 0.5% Hydrophilic Fumed Silica

The composition as described in [E.] was used with the followingexception, 15 grams of Aerosil 200 (hydrophilic fumed silica) were addedto the [F.] mixture instead of the Aerosil R-972 (hydrophobic fumedsilica) which was added to the [E.] mixture.

Each of these six suspensions was stored at 50° C. for 21 days in a1-quart clear glass jar with a lid. The results of these storage testsare shown in Tables 2, 3, and 4.

Table 2 indicates that during the 21 day storage period, the hydrophobicsilica, Aerosil R-972, was significantly more effective in reducingsyneresis in the metribuzin and tebuconazole suspensions than thehydrophilic silica, Aerosil 200, or no silica. The syneresis reductionin the imidacloprid suspension was similarly significant for 10 daysstorage. However, the similarities of the effectiveness of 0.5%hydrophobic silica, 0.5% hydrophilic silica, and 0% silica at 14 and 21days was attributed to this particular imidacloprid suspension needingmore than 0.5% silica to show significant differences. For confirmationpurposes, a follow-up study was conducted and the results are shown inTable 5.

Table 3 shows that the use of the hydrophobic silica achieved reducedsyneresis without resulting in high viscosities either before or afterstorage.

Table 4 shows the use of hydrophobic silica achieved reduced syneresiswithout resulting in sediment that was difficult to disperse followingstorage.

Table 5 shows the results of storage of PREMISE 0.5 SC (Imidicloprid)suspensions containing 0.5%-1.0% hydrophilic silica (Aerosil 200) and0.5% to 4.0% hydrophobic silica (Aerosil R-972). All suspensions weremade using the materials and processes used to make the PREMISE 0.5 SCfor the study reported in Table 2. The data shows that at concentrationsof 0.5% silica or greater, the hydrophobic silica is significantly moreeffective in reducing syneresis than the hydrophilic silica.

TABLE 2 % SYNERESIS AFTER STORAGE AT 50° C. SENCOR 0.5 SC FOLICUR 0.5 SCPREMISE 0.5 SC (METRIBUZIN) (TEBUCONAZOLE) (IMIDACLOPRID) 0.5% 0.5% 0.5%0.5% 0.5% 0.5% Aerosil R972 Aerosil 200 0.0% Aerosil R972 Aerosil 2000.0% Aerosil R972 Aerosil 200 0.0% TEST (Hydrophobic) (Hydrophilic)Aerosil (Hydrophobic) (Hydrophilic) Aerosil (Hydrophobic) (Hydrophilic)Aerosil  3 days  3 28 46 11 21 37  5 20 40 10 days  5 51 59 20 60 66 2040 50 14 days 10 68 69 31 61 84 50 60 60 21 days 14 69 69 41 64 87 52 nodata 66

TABLE 3 VISCOSITY AFTER STORAGE AT 50° C. SENCOR 0.5 SC FOLICUR 0.5 SCPREMISE 0.5 SC (METRIBUZIN) (TEBUCONAZOLE) (IMIDACLOPRID) 0.5% 0.5% 0.5%0.5% 0.5% 0.5% Aerosil R972 Aerosil 200 0.0% Aerosil R972 Aerosil 2000.0% Aerosil R972 Aerosil 200 0.0% TEST (Hydrophobic) (Hydrophilic)Aerosil (Hydrophobic) (Hydrophilic) Aerosil (Hydrophobic) (Hydrophilic)Aerosil  0 days 170 188 164 152 182 152 200 235 200 21 days 224 194 174174 176 170 210 no data 208

TABLE 4 SEDIMENTATION and REDISPERSION AFTER STORAGE FOR 21 DAYS AT 50°C. SENCOR 0.5 SC FOLICUR 0.5 SC PREMISE 0.5 SC (METRIBUZIN)(TEBUCONAZOLE) (IMIDACLOPRID) 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% Aerosil R972Aerosil 200 0.0% Aerosil R972 Aerosil 200 0.0% Aerosil R972 Aerosil 2000.0% TEST (Hydrophobic) (Hydrophilic) Aerosil (Hydrophobic)(Hydrophilic) Aerosil (Hydrophobic) (Hydrophilic) Aerosil Sedi- noneslight slight none none slight none no data none mentation sedimentsediment sediment Ease of very easy w/ *easy w/ very easy w/ difficultvery no data easy Redis- easy agitation agitation easy agitation ** easypersion *Very slight residue on bottom that was somewhat difficult toredisperse. **Some sediment/residue on the bottom was difficult toredisperse, requiring a lot of shaking.

TABLE 5 PREMISE 0.5 SC WITH 0.5% TO 4.0% SILICA Spl Additive Wt 3 days10 days 14 days 21 days ID Name % TESTS @ 50° C. @ 50° C. @ 50° C. @ 50°C. A None 0.0 Viscosity 200 — — — Syneresis 30-40% 50% 60% 66%Redispersion easy easy easy easy Demarcation sharp sharp sharp sharpSediment none no tacky no tacky no tacky sediment sediment sediment BAerosil 0.5 Viscosity 224 200 — 200 Syneresis 20% 40% >60% Redispersionvery easy very easy No further — Hydrophilic Demarcation fuzzy/flocksharp evaluations Sediment none none performed C Aerosil 0.5 Viscosity200 210 210 — R972 Syneresis 5% 5% 10% 20% Redispersion very easy veryeasy very easy very easy Hydrophobic Demarcation indistinct sharp sharpsharp w/agglomerate Sediment none none no tacky none sediment D Aerosil0.75 Viscosity 296 — 200 Syneresis 10% >50% Redispersion very easy Nofurther — — Hydrophilic Demarcation fuzzy evaluations Sediment noneperformed E Aerosil 0.75 Viscosity 201 220 210 — R972 Syneresis 5% 5%10% 15% Redispersion very easy very easy very easy very easy HydrophobicDemarcation indistinct slight flock sharp w/slight sharp w/agglomerateflock Sediment none no tacky no tacky none sediment sediment F Aerosil1.0 Viscosity 350 — 200 Syneresis 10% >50% Redispersion very easy Nofurther — — Hydrophilic Demarcation fuzzy evaluations Sediment noneperformed G Aerosil 1.0 Viscosity 201 205 — — R972 Syneresis 5% 5% 5%10% Redispersion very easy very easy very easy very easy HydrophobicDemarcation indistinct medium flock light flock sharp w/agglomerateSediment none no tacky no tacky none sediment sediment H Aerosil 2.0Viscosity 200 — R972 Syneresis 5% 6% Redispersion easy very easy — —Hydrophobic Demarcation sharp sharp Sediment none none I Aerosil 3.0Viscosity 230 — R972 Syneresis 2% Redispersion easy very easy — —Hydrophobic Demarcation sharp sharp Sediment none none J Aerosil 4.0Viscosity 254 — R972 Syneresis trace 1% Redispersion very easy very easy— — Hydrophobic Demarcation n/a sharp Sediment none none

What is claimed is:
 1. A low viscosity water-based pesticide suspensionhaving inhibited phase separation and inhibited non-uniform distributionof an active ingredient within said water-based pesticide suspension,said active ingredient being a pesticide selected from the groupconsisting of an insecticide, a fungicide and a herbicide, saidpesticide suspension comprising: a. from about 0.003% to about 50% byweight of said pesticide, wherein said pesticide is a friable solidwhich is capable of being fractured or shattered into small particles,said pesticide having a melting point of less than about 60° C. and awater solubility of no more than about 1000 ppm at about 40° C., whichsaid pesticide is resistant to Ostwalds ripening and crystal growth andis resistant to hydrolysis or degradation in an aqueous environment; b.from about 0.5% to about 10% by weight of a wetting agent selected fromthe group consisting of sodium naphthalene formaldehyde condensate andethoxylated polyoxypropylene; c. from 0.0% to about 0.8% by weight of athickener selected from the group consisting of xanthan gum andhydroxypropyl methylcellulose; d. from about 0.1% to about 0.5% byweight of an antimicrobial agent selected from the group consisting of1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and,5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one; e. from about 5% to about 20% byweight of an anti-freeze agent selected from the group consisting ofdipropylene glycol, glycerine, hexylene glycol, and propylene glycol; f.from about 1% to about 8% by weight of an hydrophobic silica whereinsaid hydrophobic silica is a hydrophilic fumed silica treated withdimethyldichlorosilane; and g. from about 40% to about 95% by weight ofwater, wherein said pesticide suspension has a viscosity of less thanabout 900 cps.
 2. The pesticide suspension of claim 1 wherein, when saidpesticide is said insecticide, said insecticide is selected from thegroup consisting of chloronicotinyls and chlorothiazoles, when saidpesticide is said fungicide, said fungicide is tebuconazole, and whensaid pesticide is said herbicide, said herbicide is metribuzin.
 3. Thepesticide suspension of claim 2 wherein said pesticide is saidinsecticide and wherein said insecticide is selected from the groupconsisting of imidacloprid, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam and clothiamidin.4. A low viscosity water-based pesticide suspension having inhibitedphase separation and inhibited non-uniform distribution of an activeingredient within said water-based pesticide suspension, said activeingredient being a pesticide selected from the group consisting of aninsecticide, a fungicide and a herbicide, said pesticide suspensioncomprising: a. from about 0.003% to about 50% by weight of saidpesticide, wherein when said pesticide is said insecticide, saidinsecticide is selected from the group consisting of chloronicotinylsand chlorothiazoles, when said pesticide is said fungicide, saidfungicide is tebuconazole, and when said pesticide is said herbicide,said herbicide is metribuzin; b. from about 0.5% to about 10% by weightof a wetting agent selected from the group consisting of sodiumnaphthalene formaldehyde condensate and ethoxylated polyoxypropylene; c.from 0.0% to about 0.8% by weight of a thickener selected from the groupconsisting of xanthan gum and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; d. fromabout 0.1% to about 0.5% by weight of an antimicrobial agent selectedfrom the group consisting of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one,2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and,5-chloro-2-methyl4-isothiazolin-3-one; e. from about 5% to about 20% byweight of an anti-freeze agent selected from the group consisting ofdipropylene glycol, glycerine, hexylene glycol, and propylene glycol; f.from about 1% to about 8% by weight of an hydrophobic silica whereinsaid hydrophobic silica is a hydrophilic fumed silica treated withdimethyidichlorosilane; and g. from about 40% to about 95% by weight ofwater, wherein said pesticide suspension has a viscosity of less thanabout 900 cps.
 5. The pesticide suspension of claim 4 wherein saidpesticide is said insecticide and wherein said insecticide is selectedfrom the group consisting of imidacloprid, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam andclothiamidin.